Wednesday, October 31, 2012

Lesson 8: The Abrahamic and Old Covenants

These 2 covenants plus the New Covenant all link salvation and demonstrate Scripture as a progressive revelation.

The Abrahamic Covenant
  • Genesis 12: Promise to Abraham
    • Abraham was 75 and was promised the Land of Canaan and Descendants (seed) which is Christ (Galatians 3:16)
  • Genesis 15: Covenant is Cut
    • Abraham surrenders (Genesis 15:6) by "believing"
    • Covenant is cut AFTER he believed
    • We enter into covenant with God through Christ when we surrender/believe.
  • Genesis 17: Promise Reaffirmed
    • Abraham is 99 years old
    • Isaac will be the son of promise, not Ishmael
    • Circumcision was the sign of remembrance
    • Name change from Abram to Abraham
The Old Covenant (Law)
  • Exodus 6: God's Covenant Name
    • Revealed "Lord" "Yahweh"
  • Exodus 19: Mount Sinai
    • Arrive at Mt. Sinai after 3 months
    • Moses is the mediator
    • if/then obedience
    • the people agree
Timeline
  • Genesis 17: Name change from Abram to Abraham
  • Genesis 26: Covenant Confirmed with Isaac
  • Genesis 28: "Jacob's Ladder"
  • Genesis 32: Name change from Jacob (deceiver) to Israel (one who strives with God)
  • Famine
  • Genesis 46:27: 70 people went into Egypt and 2 million came out 400 years later
  • Exodus 6:1-8: Moses hears the Covenant name of God "Lord/Yahweh"
  • Exodus 20-23: Law Given
  • Exodus 24: Covenant confirmed by blood
  • Exodus 25: Tabernacle built
Please reference the Tabernacle Handout in your Appendix for the next part or see one here. (Scroll down about halfway)

How the Tabernacle Represents Christ
  1. John 14:6, Matthew 7:13-14 Jesus is the gate (anyone can come)
  2. John 1:29 Jesus is the Lamb of God (Jesus is the sacrifice on the altar)
  3. Ephesians 5:25-27, Hebrews 10:22 Jesus is the cleansing (laver)
  4. John 10:1-5,7 Jesus is the door to God
  5. John 1:9, John 8:12 Jesus is the lamp (true light, light of the world)
  6. John 6:35, 49-50, Revelation 3:20 Jesus is the bread of life (the bread of presence)
  7. Psalm 141:2, Isaiah 56:7, Revelation 8:3-4, Romans 8:34 Jesus is the Sweet Aroma/Incense (prayers are sweet aroma)
  8. - 10. Hebrews 10:19-22 Jesus' flesh is the curtain (our priest)
Special thanks to THE Kathy Drake for taking notes in my absence!

Wednesday, October 24, 2012

Lesson 7: Extended to Descendants

Y'all! We only have 4 more meetings left. It's gone by so quickly and has been such a blessing to me- I hope it's been for you, too!

Yesterday (or two days ago!) we looked at how the covenant was extended to descendants. First, lets took at Abraham:

  1. In Genesis 12, we see that God initiates a covenant with Abraham when he is 75 years old. In Genesis 17, we see the extension to the descendants. 
  2. We know that the covenant cut was cut close to where the seed/paternity was so that the covenant can include women and descendants. Now, Abraham tried to take things into his own hands ("use Ishmael as my descendent!") later on in chapter 17. We know that the son through which God is going to use is Isaac.
  3. In Genesis 22, God tests Abraham by calling him to sacrifice his only son, whom he loved. God is asking Abraham, "Who do you love more?" Abraham is obedient (immediately, even) and shows God that he is devoted to Him and His Plan. What a great contrast to earlier when Abraham was trying to take things into his own hands- now, he is completely resting in God's hand. In covenant, you don't withhold anything, not even what you love most.
Next, we looked at Jonathan:

  1.  In 1 Samuel 18, we studied the covenant ceremony between David and Jonathan. 
  2. Jonathan is almost immediately tested between choosing his father over his covenant partner (19:2) "Who do you choose?" is what God is asking Jonathan. 
  3. We also see that Saul, in 1 Samuel 24, realizes that David is anointed as the next king! What a huge surrender that must have been for him. God was asking, "What do you choose? Your ambitions?"
  4. In 1 Samuel 20, we see the covenant extended to descendants. 
Finally, we looked at David:
  1. In 1 Samuel 26, David is tested: "Who will you listen to? God or others?"
The next thing we looked at was the term "lovingkindness." We now know that this is a covenant term.  The Hebrew word for this term is "chesed/hesed." It means strength, steadfastness and love demonstrated by actions and not just words. Rebecca gave us this example: obligation calls for you to send your kids to bed on time; lovingkindness makes sure the covers are tucked in just right, that a bedtime story is read, prayers are said and "goodnight" hugs and kisses are given. It's all about going the extra mile. We will see that David does that.

The last thing we looked at was 2 Samuel 9 and the story of Mephibosheth. Mephibosheth is the son of Jonathan, who is lame in both feet. David seeks him out for the sake of the covenant he had made with Jonathan and restored to Mephibosheth the possessions of his grandfather, Saul, and given a seat at David's table as a son.

The application for us?
We are sought after for the sake of Christ, motivated by that lovingkindness, that hesed. All Mephibosheth had to do was accept it, and that's all we have to do, too: accept it in humility, and then we become sons, and as sons, become heirs to the throne.

We were given a handout in our discussion groups that summarizes well everything this pearl of a passage has to offer. Here is the link to that handout. Just scroll all the way to the bottom. (But reading all of it wouldn't hurt, either!) 

Looking forward to this week of homework and next weeks meeting!


Wednesday, October 17, 2012

Lesson 6: The Oneness of Covenant

This week, we got to see an example of a covenant ceremony. I videoed the Tuesday Morning "performance" with my iPhone (so please excuse the poor quality) but at least you can see and hear what Anne is saying as you watch the example of what entering into covenant looked like.



If you are having trouble viewing the video, click here.

We started off our time together with a review (as always!) of what we've learned so far. First, there was the exchanging of robes (which stood for the exchanging of identities). Secondly, there was the exchanging of weapons and belts (which stood for protection and strength). Thirdly, there was the walk into death (or the walk through the pieces) which symbolized dying to self and independence. The lesson picked up here, with the covenant cut.

In Leviticus 17:14a, we see that blood equals life. This is also true in our culture today. Just look at any Blood Drive campaign, and you'll see that they advertise that by giving blood, you are giving life to someone else. In the covenant cut, there was a commingling of blood, either through a cut that was then touched with the other man's cut or by drinking from a common cup. The reason the commingling of the blood is so important is because once something is in your blood, it literally infiltrates every part of your body. This testifies to both the seriousness and importance of covenant. We see this in the New Covenant in Jesus. Jesus was pierced and still has the covenant cuts on His resurrected body.

In Isaiah 49:14-16, we read:
      14But Zion said, "The LORD has forsaken me,
And the Lord has forgotten me."
15"Can a woman forget her nursing child
And have no compassion on the son of her womb?
Even these may forget, but I will not forget you.
16"Behold, I have inscribed you on the palms of My hands;
     Your walls are continually before Me.
Isn't that amazing? Anyone who has ever been pregnant knows that you can't forget your pregnant; it is constantly on the forefront of your mind. The same is true with nursing a baby. That intimacy, that relationship is used here to demonstrate how Christ remembers us.

In John 6:47-55, we see that we commingle blood with Christ through salvation and our mark is our obedience. We are now in covenant with Jesus Christ, and are therefore co-heirs, and unified, almost tucked up inside the Trinity because of it (see John 17:21-23).

The next thing that happened in a covenant ceremony was the sharing of names. On page 64 in the PUP study, we see this example played out in God's covenant with Abraham. "Some scholars believe that the change in Abram's and Sarai's names to Abraham and Sarah occurred because God took the "he" (pronounced hay) out of His sacred name, YHWH or Yahweh, and put it into their names. Notice the change Abraham and Sarah!" After that, we see that God took on Abraham's name as well; he was now referred at times as "the God of Abraham." How do we take on Christ's name in the New Covenant? Through being called a "christian" which literally means "little Christ." (See also Rev. 2:17) Did you know that "friend" is a covenant term? John 15:14 says we are called friends of Jesus if we do what He commands us to do. This requires abiding that we see talked about in John 15. Knowing that we are considered friends of God is not a relationship that is to be abused, but that should cause us to worship. Anne gave a great example: if she were to say "I'm friends with Beth Moore" we would think of her as friends with someone famous and even prideful in boasting about it. But, if Beth Moore from stage says "Anne is one of my dear, dear friends," that carries much more clout. It's the same way with God, no? It's not that we're so awesome that we are considered worthy of being His friend, it's that He comes down and entered into covenant with us, the lesser party, and calls us Friend.

We also know that possessions were listed out to each of the covenant partners because everything was now co-owned, essentially. We receive heavenly and spiritual blessings from Christ and are to hold our hands open with those blessings as they all belong to Him anyways, no "buts."

Next, we see that the share a meal, which meant that they were literally eating each other's flesh. Sounds gross, but it's what it meant (again, this is serious stuff!). The Lord's Supper is the New Covenant meal.

The last thing is that a memorial was set up. We partake of communion to remember the New Covenant. We received a handout in class of that I've attached here that show other ways covenants were remembered. Read Deuteronomy 6:4-9. You can click on the picture to make it bigger!



Wednesday, October 10, 2012

Lesson 5 :: Covenant: A Walk into Death

Ya'll! We're almost halfway done...continue on in the homework each week and in coming to our time together! When both of these things are combined, amazing things happen!

We went back to Genesis 15 to start the lesson. Before we dig in, we need to get some context:

  • In Genesis 12, Abram was promised descendants at 75 years of age. 
  • Isaac doesn't come until Abraham is 99 years old
  • Ishmael has not been born yet, either.
Abram comes to God and says "You've given me no heir, so I guess Eliezer is my heir." (15:1-3) God responds with "No!" and reiterates His promise to Abram. (15:1-5) And then we read verse 6: "Then he believed in the Lord; and He reckoned it to him as righteousness." Then God cut covenant with Abram.

This word BELIEVE: it means an unqualified (without condition!) committal of oneself to another. It is not a statement of just knowing in your mind; it goes back to our root words we studied last week. Belief and faith were a firm conviction that resulted in complete surrender. God goes all in for us and we go all in for Him- it's a complete surrender of our wills. The concept of believing is the same here in the OT as it is in the NT. Turn to Galatians 3:6-9.

For some more context, the Galatians were saying that you had to be Jew first to be saved (essentially, they were adding to the requirements of being saved) and Paul was refuting that. He says "Abraham was righteous because HE BELIEVED and we are called to do the same. (3:6-7) It goes on to say that the Gospel was preached to Abraham. Wait, the GOSPEL was preached in the OLD TESTAMENT? YES! Abraham was looking forward to the promise of a Messiah. We look back at the finished work- but we all do the same thing: we all believe! And not just the kind of believe that means we know or agree with. No, it has to be the "complete surrendering" type of belief.

Going back to Genesis 15, we see in verse 13 that God passes through the pieces and binds him to himself to keep the covenant. And because of that, we can KNOW FOR CERTAIN that God will keep His covenant promises to us. What a peaceful place to be...

So, how do we walk through the pieces?

We looked at John 1:29 where Jesus is called the Lamb of God. We also looked at 1 Corinthians 5:7 where Jesus is called the Passover Lamb. When Christ was crucified, His body was broken, His flesh was torn. Because of this, we can walk through Christ (see John 14:6) into a state of righteousness. And, when Christ was crucified, the veil was torn; this thick veil that guarded the Holy of Holies, that only the High Priest was allowed to enter into after he had gotten things right before God, that if the High Priest hadn't atoned for all of his sins would die walking into the Holy of Holies and be pulled out by the rope tied around him and that now is revealed for us- the presence of God made accessible to us.  See also Hebrews 10:19-20.

Anne left us with a section from the PUP study: "When do we symbolically walk through the pieces into covenant? When we believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, committing ourselves totally to Him. There He hangs; Jesus, the Passover Lamb, in the veil of His flesh- God's covenant sacrifice! The way to God! Do you see Him? Do you believe? Are you ready to enter into covenant? O Beloved, do you realize it is a solemn, binding agreement; one that is to be honored? Are you willing to die to your independent way of life? Are you willing to put on Jesus' robe, to become like Him? Will you give Him your strength-live for Him? Will you stand against His enemies? Are you willing to lose your life for His sake and the gospel? That is what covenant is all about. That and more as we shall see."

Tuesday, October 2, 2012

Lesson Four: How Serious is Covenant?

At the beginning of our time together, we reviewed everything that we've learned about covenant.

  • karath beriyth means to cut covenant by going through two pieces of flesh
  • The exchanging of robes symbolized the exchanging of identities and dying to self
  • The exchanging of weapons symbolized the protection that can be found under the umbrella of covenant. Also, we're to take a stand against the enemies of our covenant partner (so, taking a stand against the Satan and the world).
  • The exchanging of belts symbolized strength
Then, we went through each of the Scriptures we looked at over the past week. Note that I didn't include page numbers as I am going from the PUP study and don't have the in and out study to reference. If you have any questions you can email us or just leave a comment!

Genesis 15:9-10 God initiates a covenant with Abram and animals died and were split in two for the purposes of covenant. So, how serious is God about covenant? When death of God's creation involved, it's serious. 

Genesis 15:17-18 God is binding himself to the covenant. Essentially, he is saying because he loves Abram (and consequently us) so much he'll do almost everything; all He asks for is obedience. So, how serious is God about covenant? He calls us to obedience and binds the covenant to Himself.

Genesis 17:9-14 Abraham was circumcised. So, how serious is God about covenant? He required the men have a physical cut close to where the seed was to remind them of the covenantal promises that were made.

Exodus 4:24-26 If a man was not circumcised, you were cut off from the protection and blessing of the covenant. So, how serious is God about covenant? Again, he is requiring obedience. Disobedience gets you cut off from the people and that's serious.

1 Samuel 20:12-17 We see lovingkindness mentioned as part of the discussion for covenant. If the covenant was broken, Jonathan said "God, kill me!" That's a pretty serious commitment. David is promised protection and promises kindness to Jonathan and his family. Each was prepared to die. So, how serious is God about covenant? He requires you to die to self.

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Exodus 24:3-9 God's presence is on the mountain and they say "we'll obey whatever you ask us to do, God!" The blood is split between the basins and the people. Remember, there are millions of people; that's a lot of blood. So, how serious is God about covenant? There was a lot of blood and death involved; that's serious.

Deuteronomy 30:15-19 The first generation had not been obedient and they were judged (and die) because of it. This seems harsh, BUT GOD IS SERIOUS ABOUT COVENANT. He told them when they entered into it that they were to choose life (by way of obedience) or choose death (through disobedience). 

What propels God to enter into covenant with us? His love for us and all He asks is that we obey. The same principle is found in the Old Testament (Old Covenant) and New Testament (New Covenant): love and obey! God's promises regarding breaking the covenant are as binding as his promises for keeping it.

The last thing we looked at was a word study on the words "belief" and "faith."
  • We learned they come from the same root word (belief = pisteuo (a verb) and faith = pistes (a noun))
  • The idea here is that "a firm conviction that results in a personal surrendering of our life/will" is what true faith/belief is.
  • The conduct inspired by a personal surrender is action required
  • Dead faith is belief without action. Understand that this isn't saying works are necessary for salvation; it is saying that obedience is a part of the covenantal requirements and if there is no obedience, there is no being part of the covenant.
I'm not sure how the other discussion groups go, but here are the notes from Rebecca's:

Matthew 26:26-28 is the institution of the Lord's supper set up as a remembrance. Again, we see death involved (blood poured out) and we are reminded of the seriousness of the covenants.

1 Corinthians 11:17-34 In this passage, they were incorporating the Lord's Supper into their party and forgetting the seriousness of what the Bread and the Cup were signifying. Because of this, many were weak and sick, and some were even dying. (Again, God takes this VERY SERIOUSLY!) Paul was telling them to examine themselves before they came to take the elements.

Romans 2:1-11 God is the only judge; and the last thing she left us with was this question: Is unbelief disobedience?